5 Ways to Spot a Frozen or Burst Pipe This Winter

As temperatures plummet, the risk of frozen and subsequently burst pipes dramatically increases. Water expanding as it freezes puts immense pressure on your plumbing system, leading to leaks, significant water damage, and costly emergency repairs.

Being able to identify the early warning signs of a freezing or already burst pipe is crucial for mitigating damage. Here are five key indicators every homeowner should look out for this winter:

1. Visible Water Damage (Damp Patches)

This is often the most obvious sign that a pipe has already burst or is leaking severely behind walls or ceilings.

• Look for: Sudden appearance of damp patches, dark stains, or blistering paint/wallpaper on ceilings or walls.

• Significance: If the water staining is new and appears when outdoor temperatures are freezing, it strongly suggests a burst pipe has occurred in the structure above or behind the damaged area.

2. Low to No Water Flow

A significant drop in water pressure across multiple faucets is a classic symptom of a blockage in the line.

• Look for: A slight trickle or complete lack of water when turning on a tap, especially if the weather is freezing and you haven't used that particular faucet in a while.

• Significance: This usually means ice has fully blocked the flow of water inside a pipe. While the pipe hasn't burst yet, the pressure building up behind that ice blockage makes a burst imminent.

3. Unusual Sounds in Your Plumbing System

Your plumbing system should operate quietly. Strange noises can indicate air, water, or pressure issues related to a freeze.

• Listen for: Gurgling, bubbling, or bubbling sounds coming from the drains, sinks, or toilet when they are used. You might also hear a sudden whistling or banging sound (often called 'water hammer') if a frozen section breaks free or shifts.

• Significance: These sounds often point to disruptions in the normal flow, either due to partial ice blockages or pressure changes caused by freezing.

4. Exposed Pipes Look Frosty or Have Condensation

If you have exposed pipes in basements, crawlspaces, or cabinets, they can provide a direct visual clue.

• Look for: Pipes that feel unusually cold to the touch, visible frost, ice crystals, or excessive condensation (sweating) on the exterior of the pipe.

• Significance: Frost or ice indicates that the water inside is freezing. Condensation on a cold pipe can occur naturally, but if the pipe is unusually cold compared to the room, it's a sign that the water flow has stopped or slowed significantly, leading to freezing.

5. Strong Smells Coming From Drains

A strong, foul odour emanating from a sink, toilet, or drain can be a hidden sign of a plumbing problem.

• Look for: Persistent sewage-like smells or extremely strong, unusual odours near fixtures.

• Significance: If a pipe is fully frozen or blocked, wastewater cannot drain properly, and the sewer gases can back up into your home, causing strong, unpleasant odours. 

What to Do If You Spot a Problem

If you suspect you have a frozen or burst pipe:

1. Turn Off the Water: Immediately locate and turn off your main water supply (stopcock) to minimise damage.

2. Turn Off the Heating System: If the burst pipe is near your boiler or heating system, switch it off.

3. Call a Professional: Contact a certified plumber or a damage management specialist like Polygon immediately for safe diagnosis and repair.

Don't wait until the damage is visible! Regular inspections and prompt action can save you thousands in restoration costs.